Misclassification rates for current smokers misclassified as nonsmokers.
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Ultrastructure in Smokers and Nonsmokers
a resting state. 90-95% of the cells obtained by lavage were large mononuclear macrophages of which approximately 90% remained viable at the end of the experiment. Smokers yielded many more macrophages per lavage (mean 46.4 X 106 ±7.4) compared to the nonsmokers (mean 10.2 X 106 +2.3). The decline in viable organisms was the same in each group, indicating phagocytic competence of alveolar macro...
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OBJECTIVE Misclassification of smokers as non-smokers may bias estimates of the excess morbidity and mortality associated with smoking. The issue has been given little, if any, attention in prospective epidemiological studies. This study examined characteristics of potentially misclassified smokers with respect to mortality, morbidity, and risk factors. METHOD A prospective study (within The ...
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Cognitive variables relating to both the healthand non-health-related consequences of smoking among 178 heavy, light, and nonsmoking college women were examined. Using Ajzen and Fishbein's (1980) theory of reasoned action, salient behavioral beliefs about the positive and negative outcomes of smoking, evaluations of these outcomes, salient normative beliefs about the prescriptions of important ...
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alveoli are situated immediately adjacent to small bronchi. While cleansing of these probably would be more readily accomplished I)y the interstitial route proposed, this route does not seem as likely for the majority of spaces which really are as much as 2 or 3 mm from any ciliated epithelium. Grecn replied that when three dimensional ;~natomy is ol~served, shorter routes along the alveolar se...
متن کاملSaliva cotinine levels in smokers and nonsmokers.
The authors collected by mail self-reported data on smoking habits and saliva samples that were analyzed for cotinine concentration in 222 smokers and 97 nonsmokers. Participants were members of the University of Geneva (Switzerland) in 1995. The 207 cigarette-only smokers smoked on average 10.7 cigarettes/day and had a median concentration of cotinine of 113 ng/ml. The cotinine concentration w...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: American Journal of Public Health
سال: 1998
ISSN: 0090-0036,1541-0048
DOI: 10.2105/ajph.88.10.1503